Three parts of a baby’s body that parents should touch more often
Medical professionals stress the importance of intentional physical connection between parents and their infants, particularly focusing on specific areas of the body that offer the greatest developmental benefits.
Parental touch plays a vital role in a baby’s cognitive, emotional, and physical development. Research shows that early tactile stimulation can influence brain growth, enhance motor skills, and promote emotional security.
Medical professionals stress the importance of intentional physical connection between parents and their infants, particularly focusing on specific areas of the body that offer the greatest developmental benefits.
According to Peter Ngunjiri Ndung’u, a Registered Nurse and Midwife at Penda Medical Centre, gentle and regular touch significantly contributes to a baby’s neurological development.
“Touch is crucial because it helps form the brain connections needed for a baby to think, learn, and manage their emotions. These connections are essential for mental and emotional growth,” he explains.
“Physical contact not only boosts brain development by strengthening neural pathways but also helps regulate stress hormones like cortisol, creating a calm and nurturing environment. That’s why holding a crying baby often soothes them almost instantly — it gives them a sense of security and warmth.”
Recent studies from 2024 support this. In fact, research published in the International Journal of Paediatric Neuroscience found that skin-to-skin contact and consistent gentle touch help babies develop sharper sensory skills and build stronger social bonds.
Among the most sensitive and developmentally important areas parents should focus on are the head, hands, and feet.
1. The Head
A baby’s brain grows rapidly, and gently cradling or stroking their head stimulates sensory development.
“You don’t need to use much pressure. A soft scalp massage can improve blood flow, support brain development, and help the baby relax. Many babies fall asleep faster when their heads are gently rubbed, especially while breastfeeding or being held,” says Mr Ndung’u.
A 2024 study from the Infant Development Research Institute found that babies who received regular scalp massages showed higher levels of alertness and engagement.
2. The Hands
A baby’s hands are rich in nerve endings and vital to brain and muscle development. Holding a baby’s hand or softly stroking their fingers strengthens their grip and enhances their sense of touch.
“Babies use their hands to explore the world, and a parent’s touch helps them learn faster,” explains Ndung’u.
From birth, babies demonstrate a natural grasp reflex. Over time, this evolves into purposeful gripping, enabling them to explore their environment. By three months, they start reaching for objects; by six months, they can pass objects between hands. By their first birthday, many babies develop a pincer grasp — using thumb and forefinger — essential for feeding and writing.
“Early hand movements are crucial for sensory learning. Softly stroking a baby’s hands or exposing them to different textures like fabric, wooden toys, or rubber rings enhances tactile awareness. Playful gestures such as clapping, waving, or pointing also support communication and bonding.”
Simple activities like letting toddlers turn book pages, grasp spoons, or stack blocks help refine their motor skills.
“A baby’s hands aren’t just cute — they’re key to learning. Massaging their fingers, holding their hands, or even letting them tug your hair can boost their coordination and sensory awareness. As they grow, playful touches like clapping, high-fives, or finger-tracing help develop critical life skills.”
According to the Global Paediatric Journal, babies whose hands were frequently massaged showed stronger reflexes and developed grasping skills earlier.
“That’s why many Kenyan mothers instinctively rub their baby’s hands while feeding or soothing them. What feels like a simple gesture is, in fact, deeply beneficial for development.”
3. The Feet
The feet contain numerous pressure points that correspond to different organ systems. Massaging them can relax a baby and improve circulation and digestion.
“Reflexology has long been used in many cultures, and modern science supports its benefits, particularly in reducing colic and promoting better sleep,” says Ndung’u.
A 2024 study by the Paediatric Sensory Research Unit found that babies who received daily foot massages were less irritable and experienced improved digestion.
Power of full-body contact
Experts also highlight the importance of full-body contact, especially skin-to-skin interactions. Fathers and other caregivers play an equally crucial role.
“Many assume only mothers should provide skin-to-skin bonding, but fathers’ touch is just as important,” says Ndung’u.
According to the Journal of Early Childhood Development (2024), babies who receive touch from both parents display greater emotional stability and adaptability.
Caregivers — including grandparents and nannies — can also play a positive role.
“Gentle daily touch from caregivers forms strong emotional bonds. That’s why many nannies develop close relationships with children — physical presence and gentle touch contribute to a secure, nurturing connection,” Ndung’u explains.
“Through cuddling, light massages, and simply holding the baby during feeding or nappy changes, caregivers help children feel safe and supported.”
However, over-stimulation — such as excessive tickling or rough handling — should be avoided as it may cause distress.
Debunking the myth of 'spoiling' babies
Many parents still worry that holding or touching a baby too much will “spoil” them. But medical professionals disagree.
“‘Touch deprivation’ during early childhood is linked to higher stress and developmental delays,” Ndung’u says.
“Without adequate physical contact, children may struggle with emotional regulation, social skills, and even anxiety. Nurturing touch is essential for healthy growth and secure attachment.”
The 2024 Global Infant Health Report documented cases where limited touch exposure led to slower cognitive and emotional development.
Long-term benefits
Frequent, affectionate touch during infancy has lasting effects. Studies show that children who experience regular touch grow up with higher self-esteem, better social skills, and lower anxiety.
“A child used to warm hugs and physical affection doesn’t find touch uncomfortable or foreign,” explains Ndung’u.
“Instead, they see it as a reassuring connection. That secure bond can last a lifetime.”
Among all the senses, touch has the greatest influence on a child’s emotional regulation and capacity for forming close bonds.
“Parents can add more touch to their daily routines — baby massages, cuddles, quick comforting gestures. When a toddler throws a tantrum, shouting might escalate things. But gentle touch or soothing reassurance helps them feel safe, which leads to better emotional control.”
“A parent’s touch is a baby’s first language. It shapes how they experience the world — and how they form relationships for the rest of their lives.”
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